export interface Defect extends decodeTo<Unknown, typeof Json> {
  readonly "Rebuild": Defect
}

const defectSchemaCache: Array<Defect | undefined> = []

/**
 * Schema for unexpected defect values represented as `unknown` with a JSON
 * encoded form.
 *
 * **When to use**
 *
 * Use when you need a schema for `Cause` defects or other unexpected failures
 * whose runtime value may be any value.
 *
 * **Details**
 *
 * The encoded side is {@link Json}. During decoding, JSON objects with a string
 * `message` property are decoded into JavaScript `Error` values, preserving a
 * non-default `name` and any string `stack`. Other JSON values decode
 * unchanged.
 *
 * During encoding, JavaScript `Error` values encode to JSON objects with
 * `name`, `message`, and optional `cause` properties. Pass
 * `{ includeStack: true }` to include string stack traces in encoded `Error`
 * defects, or `{ excludeCause: true }` to omit causes. Other values are
 * serialized through Effect's JSON formatter and then parsed back into JSON
 * when possible.
 *
 * **Gotchas**
 *
 * This schema is for carrying defects across JSON boundaries, not for
 * preserving every JavaScript value exactly. Some values cannot round-trip
 * unchanged:
 *
 * - A non-`Error` object such as `{ message: "boom" }` encodes as an
 *   error-shaped JSON object and decodes back as an `Error`.
 * - JSON serialization normalizes unsupported values. For example,
 *   `undefined` array elements encode as `null`, unsupported object properties
 *   are omitted, and circular references are dropped.
 * - Values that cannot be represented as JSON fall back to Effect's formatted
 *   string representation.
 *
 * @see {@link Error} for a schema that only accepts JavaScript `Error` values.
 * @category constructors
 * @since 4.0.0
 */
export function Defect(options?: ErrorOptions): Defect {
  const key = getErrorOptionsKey(options)
  const cached = defectSchemaCache[key]
  if (cached !== undefined) {
    return cached
  }
  const schema = Json.pipe(decodeTo(Unknown, SchemaTransformation.defectFromJson(getErrorOptions(key))))
  defectSchemaCache[key] = schema
  return schema
}